数字政府研究的历程、现状和趋势

近年,数字政府受到我国公共管理学术界的高度关注,相关研究与日俱增,但在数字政府研究的历程、现状及其趋势等方面还存在争议。我国公共管理学术界对数字政府研究的历程大致经历了概念引介、理论溯源和深化发展三个阶段,且现在正处于数字政府深化发展阶段。中国未来数字政府研究需要系统关注数字政府治理实践、数字政府建设中数据共享、信息公开与公众满意度、数字政府建设影响因素、国外数字政府经验研究以及数字政府建设评估六大关键议题。对数字政府概念的理论概括与实践总结是未来数字政府研究的重要基础。信息共享、平台驱动、多元主体关系、绩效评估是未来数字政府研究的主要方向。多种研究方法综合使用是未来数字政府研究的大势所趋。     

新时代中国共产党形象建设的价值意蕴、目标指向及提升路径

加强党的形象建设研究,是深化党的执政规律研究的重要内容。中国共产党形象建设的价值意蕴在于,通过塑造良好的形象可以提高党的社会号召力、增强党的群众组织力、提升党际交往影响力。党的形象建设的目标指向可以分为一以贯之的价值形象、与时俱进的执政形象、生动规范的视觉形象三个层次。要加强和改进党的建设,夯实党的形象的深厚根基;勇于自我革命,保持党的形象的鲜明特色;站稳人民立场,坚守党的形象的价值取向;严肃党内政治文化,厚植党的形象的文化基础;增强党员干部的形象提升意识,优化党的直观形象;用好红色基因,提升党的内在形象等。     

Local governments’ environmental emphasis and corporate green innovation: evidence from China

Economic Change and Restructuring - To study the effect of green industrial policies comprehensively, this paper takes uses a sample of Chinese Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from...     

Institutions,interests, and policy support: Experimental evidence from China

Policy support matters for the success of public policies. It is still unclear how governments can garner support for policies with high costs. Using a conjoint experiment in China, we demonstrate that governments can encourage policy support by offering institutional services and material interests to policy targets. In particular, citizens become more willing to support policies when governments timely disclose policy information and respond to and incorporate their voices in the policy design. Government subsidies in both the short and long runs also increase citizens' policy support. In addition, government transparency and long-run subsidies are complementary to enhancing policy support; the role of institutions is strengthened when citizens are exposed to severe policy problems.     

How Many Seats in Congress Is Control of Redistricting Worth?

How large a benefit is partisan control of the redistricting process? Do legal constraints on redistricting—such as the preclearance requirement of the Voting Rights Act—alter this benefit? Are institutions designed to reduce the benefit to partisan control—such as redistricting commissions—effective? To measure the effects of partisan districting on the electoral fortunes of the parties, we collect data on the partisan composition of state government, House election outcomes, and moderating institutions over an 80-year period. Our results suggest that over time, both parties have benefited from unified control, with the effects largest in states where voters were evenly divided among the parties and smallest in states where the controlling party had a large advantage in the electorate. The effects have changed over time, with both parties having equally benefited from control during the middle of the 20th century, the benefit largely disappearing in the late part of the century, and the Republican Party seeing a moderate advantage from control in the current century. The benefits of partisan control were not diminished in states with redistricting commissions. The preclearance requirement appears to have hurt the Democratic Party except when its vote share was very low. The aggregate effects of partisan redistricting are moderate in magnitude—in the modern period, this effect has typically been less than 10 House seats, with the last election where control of the House would have flipped in expectation occurring in 1954.     

类似案件判断中比较点的确定:原则、路径与运用

比较点是法官判断待决案件与指导性案例是否构成相关类似时所依赖的标准。在实践中并不存在判断类似案件的统一法则,因而比较点的构建也是因人而异。比较点既包含法律规则也包含案件事实,本质上是决定指导性案例裁判结果的判决理由,也是其指导性的体现。法官在选择比较点时应遵循两条原则:其一,比较点构成指导性案例裁判结果的充分条件;其二,比较点在内容和形式的表达上符合经济原则。在构建比较点时法官应采用初步假定、实质比对的路径,确保高效且准确地判定待决案件与指导性案例是否构成类似案件。     

祖孙双单亲比对的匹配概率研究

目的推导祖孙双单亲比对的匹配概率(PMGDS)公式,并以随机模拟法进行验证。方法首先,根据定义推导PMGDS的数学公式,依据此公式在19个基因座上计算PMGDS的数值。其次,以随机模拟法设计实验,在19个基因座上计算PMGDS的模拟值。最后,以模拟值对比公式值的方式,对公式进行实验验证。结果研究获得了PMGDS的数学公式,经模拟实验验证显示出良好的符合。结论祖孙双单亲比对的错判概率较低,具有很好的应用价值。     

大学生网络道德教育约束方式与实践转向研究

大学生网络道德教育主要通过学校制度约束和学校文化约束来规范引导大学生的网络道德行为。在实践中,要推动大学生网络道德教育约束从单纯的管制教育转向意义引领、矫治引导和自主选择,以便于大学生内化道德规范、厚植道德情感、固化道德价值,为其网络社会道德行为提供有效的判别尺度和内驱动力。     

“3M视角”下国外去极端化经验及对我国的启示

随着ISIS成员返回其来源国,如何实现对宗教极端主义者的转化已成为摆在国际社会面前的难题。可在去极端的三个阶段同时采取宏观(macro).中观(meso)、微观(micro)三个维度(即“3M视角”)的措施,构建完整的去极端化模型。去极端工作需要政府主导,全社会共同参与;去极端化措施要综合运用温和和强硬策略;实现认知上的去极端化必须具有细致可行的善后关注计划。     

专利法中国家利益的规范界定

维护国家利益既是专利立法的重要目标,也是专利法的必然选择。但现行《专利法》中国家利益条款设置存在语言表达歧义、概念界定不清、用词重复冗余及语词指向不明等缺陷。《专利法》对国家利益认识不清及专利立法规范化意识缺失是造成国家利益界定失范的主要原因。《专利法》中国家利益的规范界定可从立法及司法两个维度展开:在专利立法时,可采用国家政治利益、国家安全利益及国家经济利益等术语取代现行分散的不规范的表述;在专利司法时,可通过司法裁判文书或司法解释等形式对"国家安全或者国家重大利益""紧急状态或者非常情况""用原子核变换方法获得物质"及"国家秘密"等相对模糊的内容作更为明确的界定,以限定国家利益的具体范围。